What process involves a plant losing water through the stomata?

Transpiration is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the process through which water is absorbed by plant roots, moves through the plant, and is then released as water vapor through tiny openings in the leaves called stomata. This process is crucial for maintaining the plant's internal water balance, regulating temperature, and facilitating nutrient transport from the roots to the leaves.

In contrast, evaporation is a broader term that refers to the transition of water from a liquid state to a vapor state, occurring from any water surface, not just within plants. Condensation describes the process where water vapor cools and returns to a liquid state, forming droplets, which is not relevant to the loss of water in plants. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water; while this process does involve water, it does not specifically describe the loss of water through stomata. Thus, transpiration is uniquely defined by the function of stomata in the plant.